Bull fighting free essay sample

Introduction: For centuries, people have been enjoying of different forms of entertaining, and here in Mexico, it is all about the â€Å"fiestas† and having fun. That’s why, we have adopted several traditions from all over the world. We adopted Halloween from the United States, we adopted salsa dancing from Colombia and Cuba, we even party with alcohol that come directly from Europe. But there’s one thing that doesn’t make me proud of being Mexican an adopting traditions, and that’s adopting bullfightings from Spain. This tradition is as old and popular to us, Mexicans, as soccer, but is has nothing to do with having fun. This essay is not just for ready purposes. This essay is made for people to understand what bullfighting really means and is about. Bullfighting is an act of cruelty that needs to stop immediately. Bullfightings are a tradition that is being talked about all around the world. We will write a custom essay sample on Bull fighting or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page This theme has been a huge debate for years now, whether animal lovers are against or traditional people are in favor, this seems to be already kind of a clichà ©. What I want to show is that bullfighting is wrong because it shouldn’t be a clichà ©, and it shouldn’t even be a matter of tastes. Bullfighting is wrong, first of all, because you cannot harm an animal and justify it by saying that it is just a tradition. It’s like killing a baby and saying that it was just a game your family plays during New Year’s Eve. I mean, you just cannot kill an animal in front of thousands of people and pretend to be the hero of the story, because you are only being a hero for the eyes of murderers. Another thing that annoys me is the fact that people just imply that bulls are born for that, for fighting. That argument is as invalid as it sounds, because no animal should ever be raised in order to be tortured. What bulls go through is a lot tougher that people think. The whole performance of the bull being an aggressive monster trying to kill the â€Å"matador† is staged. First of all, bulls aren’t aggressive at all. In fact, they are quite calmed animals. They are only angry at the matador because they have been provoked. The bull that goes on stage is  extremely weak and almost blind. He is also disoriented and scared because of the screams and yelling of the audience. The torture they suffer when no one can watch is a lot worse than the torture they go through at the arena. They are slammed, hit and sometimes even burned. The question here is, would the same people that do that to a bull, be able to do that to their own family? Of course they wouldn’t, but they don’t stop and think of that because they neglect that the bull is alive, and it’s breathing and living just like anybody else. The last argument I’ve come across with is that it doesn’t matter that the bull suffers, because at the end, he was going to die anyways. All I can say is that people cannot keep on living like that, saying that the brutal torture of an animal doesn’t matter at all, because today it can be a bull, but tomorrow, you can talk like that about children or people. Hurting an animal is no less of a crime than hurting a human being. An animal can feel the whole time. They can be afraid and scared to. Not because they are not able to talk or to cry doesn’t mean that they do not feel. An animal is alive, as I have stated previously, and it deserves to be treated the right way. Bull fightings are just the demonstration of humanity going down the hill. Bulls do not deserve to suffer, as any other animal or human being. In conclusion, I consider that bull fightings are wrong because they increase the level of cruelty we have, not only here in Mexico, but also all over the world. Humanity should save animals and be thankful for them, not locking them in an arena and have a bunch of men throwing â€Å"banderillas† at them just for people to be entertained. There is no such thing as feeling entertained for an act of brutality like that. Bull fighting should stop immediately, and people should open their eyes and face the truth. Each year, more than 40,000 bulls slaughtered in stages, in front of hundreds of eyes, but no one seems to care at all. That number needs to decrease, as well as the acts of animal abuse all around the world. We shouldn’t feel pleasure over these kind of performances. We, in fact, shouldn’t feel anything other than disgust and horror. Humanity cannot end up like this, killing bulls just for fun. Let’s open everybody’s eyes and begin a new era. Let’s begin an era where no bulls are being murdered, and no animal is being tortured. Outline: Thesis statement: Bullfighting is an act of cruelty that needs to stop immediately Supporting Argument 1: Bullfightings are a tradition that is being talked about all around the world. Opposing Argument: You cannot harm an animal and justify it by saying that it is just a tradition. Supporting Argument 2. People just imply that bulls are born for that, for fighting. Opposing Argument: Because no animal should ever be raised in order to be tortured. Supporting Argument 3. It doesn’t matter that the bull suffers, because at the end, he was going to die anyways Opposing argument: Hurting an animal is no less of a crime than hurting a human being.

Leadership Trait Theory Essay Example

Leadership Trait Theory Essay Example Leadership Trait Theory Paper Leadership Trait Theory Paper Sir Francis Galton is credited with being one of the earliest leadership theorists, mentioning the trait approach to leadership for the first time in his book Hereditary Genius, published in 1869. Galton (1869) believed that leadership qualities were genetic characteristics of a family. â€Å"Qualities such as courage and wisdom were passed on- from family member to family member, from generation to generation† (R. House, M. Javidan, P. Hanges, and P. Dorfman, 2002). The trait theory of leadership makes the assumption that distinctive physical and psychological characteristics account for leadership effectiveness (McGraw, 2007). The most basic leadership traits are basic intelligence, clear and strong values and high level of personal energy (Ram Charan, Stephen Drotter, James Noel, 2001). However, Edwin Gheselli defined the leadership traits as six traits which were most widely reported by others according to McGraw (2007), and the six traits are Need for achievement, Intelligence, Decisiveness, Self- confidence, initiative and supervisory ability (Edwin Gheselli). On the contrary, Zaccaro (2007) noted that trait theories still just focus on a small set of individual attributes such as the Big Five personality traits, to the neglect of cognitive abilities, motives, values, social skills, expertise, and problem-solving skills. Besides, he also noted that this trait theory aim to consider patterns or integrations of multiple attributes. Leadership Behavior Theory With the growing concentrate on the behaviorism in psychology during 1930s, more and more research occurred in leadership behavior (George Manning, 2007). â€Å"Behavior leadership theories assume that there are distinctive actions that effective leaders take† (Kent Curtis, 2007). There is an assessment named Leader Behavior Description Questionnaire (LBDQ) which is known by others being developed by Ralph Stogdill and others at Ohio State University (William J, 2007). This questionnaire separated the leader’s behavior in to two dimensions which are Initiating structure and Showing Consideration. The former means the leader mostly will consider the relationship between themselves and their staff. The later means the leader would like to develop trust, respect, support, and friendship with subordinates. (George Manning, 2007) This paper will analyze the activities of Michael Dell by leadership trait theory because this theory is the basic theory of leadership even it is just focus on personality according to Zaccaro (2007). George Manning (2007) argued that there are 10 qualities that mark a leader and help influence the leadership process which are vision, ability, enthusiasm, stability, concern for others, self-confidence, persistence, vitality, charisma, and integrity. He explained that a good vision is the basic requirement for a leader due to that a good vision can enable the leader recognize what happened and what should do. First of all Michael Dell was born on February 25th, 1965 in Houston Texas. The way his story sounds reads like a business fairytale. He attended the University of Texas, he had nothing but an idea on his mind no way to fulfill it no money to fund it. He wanted to become a Doctor or to own his own little business his preference was an electronic store but like any other college student he had no money. One day he was sitting in his bedroom in his parent’s house, with an apple computer he got to thinking about the purchase of computers and that there was always a middleman and the extra cost of accessories. He started to take apart the Apple Computer to get acquainted to the heart of the computers. Then it dawned on him that he can sell computers directly to the customer without the unnecessary middleman so he can keep the production cost low. Accordingly, Dell sold PCs to customers directly and it also started to take phone orders. Michael Dell said his company was the first PC manufacturer who sold product to customers directly. Going direct has become the core competency of Dell Computer Corporation. Besides, Dell begun to change the way of store which is they created big-box computer stores. It means Dell will reduce lots of cost than other competitors. This simple ways will change Dell’s future. (Ram, 1997) Michael Dell had created a strategy which is the objective of Dell: to gain more profit. They needed to find a way to achieve this objective. He said when Dell move into the server field, â€Å"in the mid-1990s, our competitors’ services, while good product, were onerously and unjustifiably priced to subsidize other less profitable parts of their business. What emerged was an incredible opportunity to disable our competitor’s ability to gouge the market, while at the same time to grow our business in servers. This strategy was first evident when Dell took a look at all the PC retailers out there and decided to avoid them. My goal has always been to make sure that everyone at Dell feel they are a part of something great- perhaps something even greater than themselves. † Michael Dell is a CEO who knows how to delegate, and that means he relies on getting the best possible people in his organization. (Schlesinger, 2002) Michael Dell says: â€Å"I am often asked how we manage to maintain the attitude of a challenger, even as we continue to grow at record speeds. Culture is, by far, one of the most enigmatic facets of management that I have encountered. It is also one of the most important. Once a reporter asked me which of our competitors represented the biggest threat to Dell. I said the greatest threat to Dell wouldn’t come from a competitor. It would come from our people. † (Aldrich, 1990) To achieve a good business growth, Dell has been segmented in different parts. Michael Dell is quoted at 1000ventures. com as saying, â€Å"Pay attention to what your best people are achieving, and build an infrastructure that rewards mastery. The best way to keep the most talent people is to allow their jobs to change with them. † (Glancey, 1998) Dell’s innovation mostly relies on its partners. It helped Dell reduce cost and made him more nimbly. In terms of Dell’ own tech innovation, Michael Dell says the most important thing is to keep the research and development (RD) cost down. He also said â€Å"Unlike many of our competitors, we actually had an option: to buy components from the specialists, leveraging the investments they had already made and allowing us to focus on what we did best- designing and delivering solutions and systems directly to customers. † (Johannison, 2000) Dell grew rapidly due to its vision of the market. Michael Dell says: â€Å"Planning is one of those areas where experience counts as much as intellect. When you’re trying to grow a new business, it’s hard to anticipate the ups and downs of business cycles that you’ve actually never experienced before. † (Jones, 2003) â€Å"Dell has grown fast enough to make it clear that you cannot expect to do everything yourself. In the end, you have to delegate responsibility†, Michael Dell says: â€Å"For any company to succeed, it’s critical for top management to share power successfully. You have to be focused on achieving goals for the organization, not on accumulating power for yourself. † What he said is true that he had made Kevin Rollins to be CEO after his words. (Gibb, 1999) However, global finance crisis brought problems to Dell. When Dell CEO Michael S. Dell and President Kevin B. Rollins met privately in the fall of 2001, they felt confident that the company was recovering from the global crash in PC sales. Their own personal performances, however, was another matter. Internal interviews revealed that subordinates thought Dell was impersonal and emotionally detached, while Rollins was seen as autocratic and antagonistic. Few felt strong loyalty to the companys leaders. Worse, the discontent was spreading: A survey taken over the summer, following the companys first-ever mass layoffs, found that half of Dell Inc. s employees would leave if they got the chance. (Bloomberg Business week, 2003)

The Concept of Criminal Justice and Society Essay

The Concept of Criminal Justice and Society - Essay Example It has become a known fact that the Westwood Community has some serious issues of illegal youth activity escalating. Underage drinking and illegal street racing have begun to create an unsafe environment for not only the young people involved but the residents of the neighborhood in general. To combat this issue the SARA method has been placed into affect to try and analyze and distinguish the causative factors into the behaviors that are currently taking place. An in-depth study of the Westwood community showed that the young people involved in deviant activities were being influenced by outside factors that were not found to be a part of the neighborhood. Officers investigating these activities believed that the young people were not looking for trouble necessarily, but rather experimenting in the behaviors. However, their actions showed that they were putting a great risk of endangerment onto their own lives, as well as innocent drivers on the streets. The officers also noted that the age range of the drinking behavior seemed to be situated around youths who were in the bracket of 13- 18 years of age. The occurrence of underage drinking is normally found to be in this category, as well as in the 12-20 years of age population, and the 18-20 age group population (U.S. Department of Health and Human Services 2006). One of the main detectable factors leading to the drinking had a lot to do with the peer pressure that was observed from a dist ance by the investigating officers. Unfortunately, this is one of the prime reasons that young people begin to drink initially. Gathered data details that a number of fourth graders, and a good percentage of sixth graders felt pressurized to drink, and if they didn't they were told they would get picked on and ridiculed in front of their friends during school (U.S. Department of Health and Human Services 2006). The investigation team has decided to discuss the underlying causes and conditions with the community action team of Westwood in the hopes that a reliable and effective plan can be put in place to put an end to the activities occurring. The four main concerns that have been pinpointed are seemingly acceptable in order to move forward to correct the problems before they escalate, or someone gets hurt. Underage Youth Driving while Drinking Community Disturbance Promoting a Danger to Other Members of the Community Possible Criminal Damage Taking Place Analysis The investigating officers are planning on making a schedule to observe exactly what times and days the juveniles are gathering together to engage in the street racing and drinking. It is believed that by doing this, more identifiable hotspots can be pinpointed in other areas of the community, and the main causative factors will be readily identifiable. By investigating the causes, the investigation can move further and finally be able to try and take control of the situation by coming to a credible and logical way of putting an end to the illegal intentions of the juveniles. Highlighting the days on which the activity is most prevalent will help in determining when to use legal means to get the disorder stabilized and finally under control. One main cause for the street racing has already been

Organization of the Olympic Games in London Essay

Organization of the Olympic Games in London - Essay Example Operations are the processes by which an organization puts in effort regarding the inputs i.e. the strategies to generate the required output namely, the services, with increased quality. Management is the process that unites and renovates various resources implemented in the operations to derive value-added services in a controlled manner based on the policies of the organization. Furthermore, the interrelated managerial activities, those are required for service management, is also referred as the operations manager. The Operations Management literature states that the activities related to the organizational operations must focus on the strategies that are consistent with the organizational aims and with other functionalities related to marketing and human resource. Olympics have been one of the largest events in the sports segment that involves almost all the countries of the world. Since its commencement, the event is being organized every 4 years in different countries inviting players from various nationalities and categories. During the Olympics, it has often been observed that citizens from various parts of the world attempt to visit the hosting country for experiencing the greatest sport of events. Furthermore, it has been noticed that there is a wide range of facilities required to be developed before the sporting event is being commenced. Certainly, the development of these facilities requires huge capital funds which eventually will boost up the success of the upcoming event.... Management is the process that unites and renovates various resources implemented in the operations to derive value added services in a controlled manner based on the policies of the organisation. Furthermore, the interrelated managerial activities, those are required for service management, is also referred as the operations management. The Operations Management literature states that the activities related to the organisational operations must focus on the strategies that are consistent with the organisational aims and with other functionalities related to marketing and human resource (Kumar & Suresh, 2009). Olympics have been one of the largest events in the sports segment that involves almost all the countries of the world. Since its commencement, the event is being organised every 4 years in different countries inviting players from various nationalities and categories. For instance, in the current year, i.e. 2012, the Olympics are planned to be held in London. During the Olympi cs, it has often been observed that citizens from various parts of the world attempt to visit the hosting country for experiencing the greatest sport of events. Furthermore, it has been noticed that there are a wide range of facilities required to be developed before the sporting event is being commenced. Certainly, the development of these facilities requires huge capital funds which eventually will boost up the success of the upcoming event. The objective of the paper is to evaluate the strategic processes involved in the execution of operations when conducting Olympics 2012. Furthermore, the problems that could arise in operating the event will also be identified along with the evaluation of reasons

Business environment Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 4250 words

Business environment - Assignment Example Meaning of Perfect Competition 20 b)ii. Perfect Competition in the UK Fast Food Industry 21 c)i. Three Regulatory Mechanisms Currently in Force in the UK Fast Food Industry 22 c)ii. Compliance of Regulations by McDonald’s 23 Task 4 25 a)Role of Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) in Globalisation 25 b)Advantages and Disadvantages of Price Intervention in the EU Agricultural Sector 26 c)Benefits and Disadvantages Gained By UK Businesses from Entry into the European Monetary Union 28 References 30 Task 1 a) i. Mission of Starbucks Starbucks is recognised as one of the most famous coffee manufacturing and marketing companies. The company was established in 1971 and till date it continues with a broad distribution of channel of 1600 shops in almost 50 countries. The company has also been recognised for its significant consideration to the quality maintenance in serving its customers, partners and the community at large (Starbucks Coffee Company, 2010). In order to maintain its focus o n the quality aspect along with the overall organisational development, the company considers a mission statement. This mission statement tends to direct the organisational strategies and the strategic objectives of the company as well. The mission statement developed by the company depicts its concern regarding the quality of the products’ served with due consideration to its partners’ interest and the requirements of its targeted customers. The company also concentrates on the aspect of customer satisfaction in terms of efficient services through its retail outlets and restaurants. One of the most significant aspects of the mission statement considered by Starbucks is its concern regarding the environment. It is worth mentioning that the mission statement of the company reflects that Starbucks implement environment friendly strategies in its supply chain management to a significant level (Starbucks Corporation, 2011). a) ii. Practical Objectives of Starbucks Consider ing the defined mission statement, Starbucks has determined its objectives for the current fiscal year 2011-2012 as follows. To attain a profitable growth in the international industry To emerge as a leader in the single-cup coffee product segment To expand its customer base and its market share globally To accelerate the growth in the retail segment of the company in the US To attain stimulated growth in the Chinese market To be more focussed on the partners interest To repay the community through efficient service (Starbucks Corporation, 2010) It can be apparently witnessed from the above description of Starbucks’ mission and objectives that a rational link exists between the organisational objectives and its mission. b) i. Comprehensive Stakeholder Map Stakeholders have emerged to be one of the significant facets of the modern day phenomenon of business management. Stakeholders are often defined as â€Å"persons, groups, neighbourhoods, organizations, institutions, societ ies, and even the natural environment are generally thought to qualify as actual or potential stakeholders† (Mitchel & Et. Al., 1997). Based on this definition, the stakeholders of Starbucks can be identified as follows: Employees Business Partners Customers Suppliers Shareholders Community members (Starbucks Corpor

Meanings of Health An Overview

Meanings of Health An Overview Definitions of health The concept of health means different things to different people. Early meanings of health Prior to World War II, health was viewed as the opposite to illness. If there was no evidence of disease or physical illness, we were considered health Any breakdown in the body system meant it was not healthy this view suggested if you were ill medicine, drugs and doctors could return you to a healthy state Using this approach health has some limitations too narrow and one dimensional disregards individuals with mental, social or spiritual illness e.g. a person may not be suffering a physical illness, but may be experiencing depression or emotional stress. World Health Organisation (WHO) definition of health Health is a state of complete physical, mental and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity definition gave greater recognition to a more holistic concept of health complete suggests that you always have to have no problems with yourself at all times otherwise you are not considered healthy à ¯Ã†â€™Ã‚   unrealistic and unachievable Dimensions of Health Physical health is the wellness of the body and the absence of chronic pain or discomfort Social health is our ability to interact with other people in an interdependent and cooperative way Mental/emotional health is a state of well-being where we can realise our abilities, cope with the normal stresses of life, work productivity and make a contribution to the community Spiritual health relates to a sense of purpose and meaning in our life and to feeling connected with others and society Health is a result of complex interactions between each of the 4 dimensions. As one dimension improves, so too might another in an indirect way and vice versa. Relative and dynamic nature of health Health is dynamic and relative Dynamic health the health status of an individual is continually changing e.g. an individual go to bed feeling fine then wake up with the flu the next day Relative health the use of others to compare the health status of a particular person e.g. an individual decides that an elite sports person is healthier than their friend who is into tennis An individuals circumstances affect their health Our health status changes in relation to our circumstances. Factors that can impact on health status include: Heredity Experiences environmental factors Ability to make informed health decisions (SES) Opportunities to access health services (Location) Perceptions of Health Focuses on how health is regarded, understood and interpreted. It relates to peoples opinions of health and how these opinions are formed. Perception the way in which something is regarded, understood or interpreted Perceptions of our health Perceptions of their health how you understand health How you interpret your own health is affected by many things including: Our familys perception of health Our peers understanding of what health is and how to become it How health is portrayed in the media Our personal beliefs and preconceptions about life in general The value we place on health Our previous experiences related to health (fitness, sport, injury, illness, disease) Our environment (geographical location, access to health information and technology) Our level of health education Our perception of health will change during our life cycle INSERT TABLE Perceptions on the health of others The perceptions of the health of others is largely influenced by your view of health and what you know about the person. We tend to judge others very superficially based on our perception of their health. We may hold stereotypical beliefs about particular groups in the community and this may limit our ideas about their likely health status e.g. We may perceive a model as healthy however this is not considering all health dimensions Implications of different perceptions of health Individual level an individuals perception of their health can have a significant influence on their lifestyle choices and behaviours relating to health An accurate assessment of our level of health assists us to be proactive about our health and take appropriate action to address health concerns e.g. an individual who regularly drinks alcohol and recognises that their behaviour is having a detrimental effect on their health is more likely to stop drinking, limit their alcohol intake or seek professional help than someone who does not believe their alcohol consumption is causing them harm An incorrect or distorted assessment of our health status could lead to health behaviours that are likely to harm our overall health e.g. an individual perceiving themselves to be overweight when their weight fits within a healthy range which leads them to not eating Policy level different perceptions held by government, health professionals etc. may drive the health agenda for developing strategies and interventions this could influence policies relating to health education, budget expenditure on certain areas etc. Perceptions of health as social constructs A Social construct is a concept that recognises that people have different view based on their social circumstances and ways of seeing, interpreting, interrelating and interacting with their environment The recognition that individuals do not have complete control over their own health has contributed to the acceptance that health is a social construct. A persons health behaviours and health status are significantly determined by factors relating to the social, physical and cultural environment in which they live. Recognising health as a social construct helps us explain why some individuals or groups experience better or worse health than others. It also helps us understand why improving the health status of particular groups within the community can be a complex and prolonged process. Factors that are likely to play a role in our social construct of health: Socioeconomic status Geographical location Cultural background Gender Age Level of education Community values and expectations All these factors have an influence on: The expectations we form about our health potential The understanding we develop of what good health involves The ability we have to act on information and exert control over our own health our choices about whether we use health products and services and how they are used how we respond to challenges to our health and well-being Impact of the media, peers and family Media Investigate the trends in the health behaviours of young people Use textbook Pick 3 health behaviours substance use sexual and reproductive health food habits Identify protective and risk behaviours Sexual and reproductive health The health behaviours of young people relating to sexual activity have found to have both favourable and unfavourable trends in different areas of the behaviour. The sexual and reproductive health is a significant part of a young persons life as adolescence is a time where an individual may choose to begin participating in sexual activity. The Young Australians: their health and wellbeing 2008 report profile found that 42.5% of young people in Year 10 and Year 12 have had sexual intercourse and around 45% of the sexually active students reported having more than one sexual partner in the past 12 months and both of these numbers have increased significantly since the previous survey in 2002. As a result of a higher sexual activity rate there has been a rising number of STI contractions. The survey found that 99.8% of young people in Year 10 and 12 used a form of contraception at their most recent sexual encounter and this number is showing a favourable trend. However, there are rising rates of notifiable sexually transmissible infections among young people aged 12-24 years largely chlamydia, with 1045 per 100,000 having a STI and 945 per 100,000 being chlamydia. This shows that although young people are using contraceptive methods they may not be using barrier methods to prevent STIs. Substance use The health behaviours of young people relating to drug use Physical activity The health behaviours of young people relating to physical activity have found to have unfavourable trends. The NSW schools physical activity and nutrition survey (SPANS) 2010 found that there has been a significant decline in the physical activity level of high school students, with an exception to year 10 girls. Only 56% of surveyed students met the recommended guidelines in summer and just over 50% in winter. Another finding of the SPANS in relation to physical activity was the significant proportion of young people participating in in small screen recreation (SSR) where over 60% exceeded the recommended guideline of 2 hours on weekdays, with this increasing to 80% on weekends. This sedentary behaviour in young people will ultimately increase level of health related disease in the future.

Euthanasia is Morally Wrong Essay -- Against Euthanasia

According to Webster’s Dictionary, Euthanasia is â€Å"conceding painless death to a patient who is considered to be hopelessly ill, because of a non-curable disease†. The term is used to refer to the act of deliberately taking the life of a sick person, especially those who are sick from terminal illnesses. Patients in this category are normally those who are nearing their death from a persistent terminal illness and medicine does not to have much effect on them. Different scholars hold different opinions on whether to legalize the practice. Some stage a very strong that attempt to justify euthanasia. They argue that it is a common practice in the US and that it serves to end a person’s suffering and save the family members a lot of emotional and financial burden. However, the cost of doing it outweighs the benefits with aver huge margin. If not well checked, many malpractices will be witnessed in this in the medical centre due to the violation of the legal and medical regulations that controls the practice. Euthanasia can occur either through the physician assisted suicide where a doctor can remove the life support equipment from the patient or give the instructions of the most efficient way of ending their life. Doctors can also withhold treatment or give the patients a lethal injection. Patients can also achieve it through refraining from any form of nourishment and fluids. This way the death occurs faster due to dehydration. In this sense it can it can either be active or passive euthanasia. It is morally wrong to assist a patient in hasten his death. On the contrary you con give them proper care an reduce their suffering in all possible ways, comfort them and be there for them throughout their illness, and this will help them ... ...se to take care of the patient at home. This is much cheaper than admission in hospitals, as well as gives the patient hope of recovery, as opposed to being surrounded by other sick people. Works Cited American Medical Association, AMA End of Life Survey. December 1996. Back A, â€Å"physician assisted death† (editorial), journal of the American Medical Association 276 (1996): 1688 , G. J. The wrongfulness of Euthanasia. Belmount, California: Wadsworth, (1979). Lynn, J., Harell, F.E., Cohn F. et, al, For the support investicators, â€Å"Defining the ‘Terminally Ill’ Insights from support† Duquesne Law Review 25 (1996): 311-36; V. Mor and D. Kidder, â€Å"Cost savings in Hospice: Final results of the National Hospice Study,† Healty Services Research 20 (1985): 407-22. Lynn, J. and Harrold J., Handbook for mortals: New York; Oxford university press, (1999), 113

Psychology of Health in the Workplace Essay

Health and psychology by some might seem to be intertwined as one and the same; by others health and psychology are two separate aspects in ones life. Ones physical health can depend on many things for example gender, family history and dynamics, stress, type of career and what type of environment one lives in. If one lives near a coal mine and works at the mine they may experience respiratory issues, depression and possibly post traumatic stress syndrome from working underground in a dangerous situation for long periods of time. Physicians have very stressful jobs, one subspecialty that is reputed to be extremely stressful are neonatologists. Many work under severely stressful conditions and over a 5-year period suffer some type of stress-related illness. Having worked for a group of neonatologists it was evident that they all experienced high levels of stress and many-experienced career burn out. They loved what they did but knew that after a period of time they would have to change specialties. Understanding that their choice in careers at some point would affect their physical and mental health. The brain is a powerful thing; power of the mind is an amazing thing when one is sick or feeling down. Having a positive attitude towards life and ones health at times can be better than medicine. I have personally witnessed the difference in patients that are receiving chemo treatment and the differences in there mental attitudes. The ones that have a good positive attitude seem to do much better than the patients with negative attitudes, they seem to complain more and just over all have a hard time. The positive attitude patients seem to do they best they can to keep their lives normal doing as they did before. Knowing that they will experience bad days and making the most out of the days they feel better. I watched the movie Soul Surfer about the young girl who was attacked by a shark while surfing and lost an arm. It was an amazing story on how she recovered keeping an amazing attitude towards life. She trained to surf again with her disability winning a competition. She did not sit back and feel sorry for herself; she pushed herself to accomplish her goals. Health and psychology in the work place is about the choices we make with our career choice. With the economy the way it is today it is tough for many people. Those that have jobs may be over worked due to cutbacks and maybe unhappy or stressed out. Stress can cause many health issues such as high blood pressure, depression, headaches, lack of motivation and lack of energy. For the people without jobs possibly living on unemployment or not receiving an income at all can be devastating. The feeling of helplessness, low self esteem and depression can take a drastic toll on one both physically and emotionally. This can cause major health issues as well, knowing your depressed and trying to get out of that state of mind can be very difficult. To prevent illness and enhance ones life to a healthier way of living sometimes may take a total life style change. Exercise is a very important part even if it is just walking 15 minutes a day. By exercising the body produces chemicals that work like an antidepressant making one feel happy and better about themselves. Changing ones eating habits, eating more fruits and vegetable staying away from sugars and starch. If a person is overweight and they change their diet and see they are losing a few pounds can give them the motivation to continue. With a positive attitude thing’s that may have stressed one out before may seem not as important now. Do things to try and reduce the stress level at work as well as at home, leave a little time in the day to just unwind. Something’s we cannot change but what we can change is how we handle them whether it is part of the job or a person one has to deal with. Look at things outside of the box; if the way it is being handled isn’t working then try another way.

Bluebook Legal Referencing †Citing Federal Statutes

Bluebook Legal Referencing – Citing Federal Statutes Bluebook Legal Referencing – Citing Federal Statutes The Bluebook sets out uniform conventions for referencing legal documents, so anyone studying US law will want to be familiar with this system. We’ve previously looked at citing cases, so today we’ll move on to using Bluebook referencing to cite federal statutes. The Bluebook: A Uniform System of Citation Citing Federal Statutes Citing a federal statute typically involves referring to the United States Code (commonly abbreviated to â€Å"U.S.C.†), with the basic format for a statutory citation as follows: Title Code Abbreviation Section ( §) (Date) 14 U.S.C.  §37a (2012) Citations of this kind should be inserted into the text (or in a footnote) immediately after the relevant passage, using an appropriate signal if necessary. The rest of this post will examine each of these elements in more detail. Title Number The â€Å"title† of a federal statute is typically reduced to just the title number of the relevant section in the United States Code. In addition to this, you should provide the official name of the statute if: You’re citing the entire act as it appears in the United States Code; It is conventional to cite that particular statute in full, or; Providing the full name will aid identification of the material cited. For example, the Copyright Act of 1976 (title number 17 in the United States Code) could be cited in whole as: Copyright Act of 1976, 17 U.S.C.  Ã‚ §Ã‚ § 101-1332 (2012) Code Abbreviation The code abbreviation indicates  the jurisdiction under which a statute has been implemented. State statutes require you to know the code of the state in question, but if you’re citing a federal statute the main code you’ll need is â€Å"U.S.C.† (short for â€Å"United States Code†). However, if you’re citing a statute that hasn’t yet been published in the U.S.C., you can also cite the United States Code Annotated (U.S.C.A.) or the United States Code Service (U.S.C.S.). Section Number This is simply a number to show the section you’re citing, indicated using the section symbol ( §) and the relevant number. If citing more than one section, use â€Å" §Ã‚ §Ã¢â‚¬  and the complete range of sections being cited (e.g.,  §Ã‚ § 101-1332). Date of Code Edition The date given in brackets in a Bluebook citation refers to the year the copy of the code you’re using was published. You’ll therefore need to check your edition of the U.S.C. when citing a federal statute. You should also include the publisher alongside the year of publication if citing either the U.S.C.A. or U.S.C.S. As such, a citation of the LexisNexis-published version of the code would look like this: 14 U.S.C.S  §37a (LexisNexis 2012)

Hegemonic Masculinity

Hegemonic Masculinity Introduction This essay attempts to critically and comprehensively review the concept of hegemonic masculinity. The hegemonic masculinity theory is particularly significant in understanding concepts such as the predisposition of men to violence, the evaluation of social network analysis in relation to hegemonic masculinity and the links between social identity and the occupation that someone belongs to.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Hegemonic Masculinity specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The essay begins with an introduction and an analysis of the concept of hegemonic masculinity and proceeds to critically analyze articles that address the concept in relation to gender and social change. Hegemonic Masculinity Hegemonic masculinity, an influential theory in gender studies was first advanced by R.W Connell; the phrase is used to describe a social construct that is a benchmark for evaluation of all other forms of mascu linity. (Momsen, 2004 p.81-83) Hegemonic masculinity restricts and defines masculine behavior within a given social context and all other forms of masculinity are seen to be subordinate to it. In the society, hegemonic masculinity is not the prevailing form of masculinity; rather, it is a standard, endorsed by the society, against which, men are measured (Schipper, 2009 p.19-20). Hegemonic masculinity is a theory that proposes that, there exists a normative standard for male behavior in society; men in the society are meant to attain these set standards of masculinity. The theory is characterized by the inclination of men to dominate other men and to subordinate women. Hegemonic masculinity is characterized by aggression, self reliance, and ambition, attitudes that are encouraged in men but are discouraged in women. Several criticisms have been leveled against the Hegemonic masculinity theory. Connell, the original proponent of the theory cited his inspiration as being rooted in fem inist theories that dealt with the concept of patriarchy and the associated issues about the role of men in altering the concept of patriarchy. Critics contend that the theory is responsible for fostering negative attitudes towards the concept of patriarchy (Howson, 2006 p.64). It is claimed by critics of the theory that hegemonic masculinity is only a theoretical perspective and it cannot be translated in the real world situation. A critique advanced proposes that the theory can be conceived as a type of projection that deliberately victimizes women instead of men.Advertising Looking for essay on gender studies? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More This victimization is done either collectively or limited to individuals. This is to say, the theory cannot be closely contrasted or applied in examining the lives of any real men. Furthermore, the critics of the Hegemonic masculinity theory propose that the theory fundamental ly misconstrues the mental representation of male identity. Critics also associate the theory with fostering attitudes of male superiority and negative machismo as manifested by excessive aggression and undue self reliance. (Ibid) The hegemonic theory has also been described as providing inexact, indistinct and inaccurate depiction of the concept of gender and masculinity because it does not take into account the unstable nature of all forms of masculinity (Howson, 2006 p.5-7). In summation, despite the numerous criticisms that have been advanced against the theory, Hegemonic masculinity was and still is a significant theory that provides an in-depth analysis of the concept of masculinity (Speer, 2005 p.107-109). To adequately discuss the theory of Hegemonic masculinity, it would be important to review a number of articles that address the concept and critically examining the related concepts of gender and social change. Unlocking Men, Unmasking Masculinities: Doing Men’s wor k In Prison The article attempts to establish a credible link between hegemonic masculinity and criminality. There has been prior research that has been done to explore this link; however, what makes this approach different is that it seeks to explore the correlation between correctional interventions and the destructive effects of hyper masculinity in prison. Hyper masculinity refers to the over emphasis on conventional male behavior manifested by strength, virility and aggression. (Kimmel and Aronson, 2004 p.503-507) The article examines two related programs initiated in men’s prisons in California and Massachusetts. The survey was carried by consultations and observation with volunteer. Essentially, the article illustrates how the program attempts to deconstruct hyper masculinity in correctional facilities and its effects in assisting inmates in redefining the concept in order to produce pro-social outcomes.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Hegemon ic Masculinity specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More These programs applied are branches of the Mankind project, a large voluntary organization that is founded on the philosophy of the mythopoeticmen’s movement that emphasizes psychological self help, therapeutic techniques and personal growth. Essentially, the aim of the program is to reorient the inmates’ perceptions of masculinity in a manner that will serve them better both in prison and in their lives after being reintegrated into society (Karp, 2010 p.63).  The report highlights the relationship between violent crime and gender. The figures in the article reveal that more men than women get arrested and convicted for violent crimes in contrast to more women than men who get arrested for non-violent crimes such as prostitution and running away from home However, the statistics also indicate that in recent years, there has been an increase in the number of females arrested and convicted for violent crimes. Research reveals that, this increase that has been witnessed can be attributed to the net-widening of the criminal justice system and not necessarily as a result of an actual increase in the commission of violent crimes by females (Karp, 2010 p.63). A number of theories have been advanced in an attempt to explain why more women than men commit crimes. The strain theory proposes that criminality is a function of greed and excessive societal emphasis on material possessions. However this theory does not explain why more men than women commit crime seeing as women are subjected to the same strain as men are. Moreover, the labeling theory proposes that criminality is caused by shame, stigmatization and out casting especially of members of minority groups. However, this theory does not explain why women, who are subjected to the same conditions as men, are not as inclined to commit crimes (Karp, 2010 p.64-65). The article proposes that the disparate rates o f criminality between men and women can be explained by the hegemonic masculinity conceptualization.Advertising Looking for essay on gender studies? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More This implies that the hegemonic nature of masculinity that emphasizes strength and aggression predisposes men to violence and consequently violent crime (Messerschmitt, 1993 p.27-30). Hegemonic masculinity is the exclusive premise of men and this may explain why more men than women commit violent crimes. In my opinion, the theory of Hegemonic masculinity as the possible explanation of the disparate rates of violent crime commission by men and women is to a large extent accurate. This is because; all other theories of criminality adequately address the causes of the phenomena but do not consider why more men than women commit violent crimes. The Hegemonic masculinity theory adequately addresses this question. In recognition of this fact, the article examines the interventions being initiated in the penal system, for instance the mankind project, the inside circle foundation and the Jericho circle project. These initiatives are meant to offer the inmates an opportunity to experience s elf discovery and personal growth in an attempt to counter the negative effects of hegemonic and hyper masculinity. A Social Network Analysis The article tries to involve important theory on social life brought forward by Connell’s in two schools. The social theory on gender was developed by Robert Connell to address the prevalent sexual, gender and power inequality between men and women. The theory examines the gender-based division of labor, power and the nature of carthexis (Connell, 1987 p.64-65). The article uses arithmetical techniques to examine power affairs, violence and social connections in relation to the male supremacy beliefs of the students. In the secondary school in question; one demonstrated the validity of Connell’s theory in the fact that Hegemonic masculinity was placed on top of the hierarchy of other forms of masculinity. The other secondary school has a different orientation that demonstrates the support for the other viewpoint that gender is re lational and that the hypothesized effects are evident, even after considering and accounting for the rest of the explanatory factors. This illustrates the fact that there is considerable empirical evidence to support Connell’s theory (Usher and Robbins, 2010 p.23-25) The study examines a ruling-class and a middle class school in Australia. The different hierarchical structures are explained by the fact that, the ruling class school fosters attitudes that are based on masculinity. The middle class school has a structural equation modeling (SEM) approach that considers the effects of male dominance, gay-male homophobia, anti-academic attitudes and attitudes of anti-feminism. The article proposes to establish a relationship between gender and power inequality. The article is significant in that it is the first study undertaken using qualitative research methodology that takes into account the context of the local environment and cultural factors. The study does not work on the assumption that people act independently of the society in which they live. Essentially, the theory attempts to explain the fundamental relationship between power and violence. This article proposes that, Hegemonic masculinity is an expression of power inequality between men and women. This implies that the power inequality contributes significantly to the commission of violence and the fostering of attitudes of subordination towards women (Usher and Robbins 2010 p.31-35). Doing Hegemony: Military, Men, and Constructing a Hegemonic Masculinity This article proposes that Hegemonic masculinity is at the pinnacle of the gender hierarchy. Furthermore, the article proposes that Hegemonic masculinity subordinates all other gender constructs. Conventionally, Hegemonic masculinity is focused on the tenets of self discipline, sadism, belligerence and many other signs of control. The article is based on a study that involved interviewing 43 men emphasizing the process of establishing Hegemoni c masculinity constructs. The interviewees included military officers from different specialties, different rank levels and different levels of ability. Essentially, this implies that men construct hierarchies that subordinate other people. At the same time, these characteristics show the way men place themselves in supremacy symbolism (Hinojosa, 2010 p.180) Furthermore, the article examines the ways in which men that are aiming to join military service position themselves on the top of the hegemonic construct of masculinity. The men present themselves as better placed in terms of intelligence, strength, skills and ability as compared to ordinary civilians. In so doing, this person panning to join the military construct a masculinity that is symbolically dominant over other forms (Hinojosa, 2010 p.181-182) A critical review of the article establishes a conclusive link between the concepts of social identity and perceptions of the self and their relationship with the institutions tha t they belong to, in this case, the military. This implies that people who have a career in the military tend to derive a large extent of their personal identity from the occupation that they belong to (Hinojosa, 2010 p.184) In my opinion, the assertion that people derive a large part of their social identity from the occupation that they belong to is accurate. The article cites conclusive evidence that people planning to join the military have a heightened sense of Hegemonic masculinity. This notion of social change can be directly attributed to their occupation of choice In conclusion, a critical examination of the three articles establishes a tenable link between hegemonic masculinity, gender and social change. These three concepts are inextricably linked in that the perception of gender is affected by the theory of hegemonic masculinity. On the other hand, both gender and hegemonic masculinity are determined by social change. References Connell, R. (1987) Gender and power: socie ty, the person and sexual politics. California: Stanford University Press. p.64-65 Hinojosa, R. (2010) Doing Hegemony: Military, Men, and Constructing a Hegemonic Masculinity. P.180-185 Howson, R. (2006) Challenging hegemonic masculinity. NY: Routledge Publishing Inc. p.64 Karp, D. R. (2010) Unlocking Men, Unmasking Masculinities: Doing Men’s work In Prison. P.63-65 Kimmel, M. S. and Aronson, A. (2004) Men and masculinities: a social, cultural, and  historical encyclopedia, Volume 1. CA: ABC-CLIO Inc. p.503-507 Messerschmitt, J.W.(1993) Masculinities and crime: Critique and reconceptualization  Of theory. USA: Littlefield Inc. p.27-30 Momsen, J. (2004) Gender and Development. NY: Routledge Publishing Inc. p.81- 83 Schipper, W. C. (2009) Masculinity, spirituality, and sexuality; The interpreted, lived experience. MA: Proquest LLC. p.19-20 Speer, S. A. (2005) Gender talk; feminism, discourse and conversation analysis. NY: RoutledgePublishing Inc. p.107-112 p.107-109 Usher, D and Robbins, G. (2010) A Social Network Analysis. nd. P.23-35

Law Enforcement Technology Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Law Enforcement Technology - Essay Example The information technology and electronic gadgets have significantly impacted the performance of policing in states and helped enforce law and order. Chan (2001) asserts that information is stock-in-trade of policing which considerably influences enforcement of law. The ready access to information, especially criminal records becomes vital ingredient in investigating and preventing crimes. The various agencies, including police use sophisticated gadgets to coordinate and track crimes and criminals. Computer based crime mapping has revolutionized policing. GIS or geographical information system facilitates and help create pattern of crime within the defined geographical location so that spatial trend in crime is easily identified. It helps to manipulate and display geographical knowledge in new and exciting ways (Cowen 2001, p. 3). GPS or global positioning system is another important technology that is used for direction and identifying route maps to locate crime or track criminals or suspects. Chicago police was the first to use technology to collaborate with community and enhance mechanisms of controlling crimes. It introduced CAPS or Chicago Alternative police Strategy to solve neighborhood problems. ICAM or Information Collecting for Automated Mapping is its key tool that has 90 days relevant data related to crime hot spots including maps, graphs and details of reported crimes (Skogan & Hartnett, 1996). It is updated and accessible to community for transparent community policing. This has been adopted by other states to improve policing and reducing crime. Real time Computer Aided Detection System is another important tool that helps monitor illegal entry of cross border immigration, drug trafficking etc. Indeed, the geo-mapping helps to analyze and create linkages and patterns of crime for determining the potential risk factors and identification of

Care Plan for Dual Diagnosis to Mental Health Patients Essay

Care Plan for Dual Diagnosis to Mental Health Patients - Essay Example It gives pressure to the life and health of the individual that leads to stress. Stress then causes imbalance in the body and weakens it eventually leaving him vulnerable to diseases. In response to the diseases and negative health conditions, healthcare is provided by the medical professionals like doctors, nurses, laboratory technicians and hospital staffs (Buchhols and Henke 2008, p. 364). They ensure that the health condition of the patient is treated and monitored. Probably various tests are required to identify the infection or imbalances in the body so the doctors can prescribe medicines and administer some treatments to the patient. Doctors are then assisted by nurses especially in carrying out some tasks like blood pressure check, injection, breathing of patient and many more (Zaman, 2005, p. 143). In making the rendered healthcare services easier, care plans are created for the healthcare professionals like nurses. It allows an organized and easy-to-follow procedure for a f aster and more effective healthcare assistance given by nurses to their patients (Kongstvedt 2007, p. 19). Care plan is then part of the so-called nursing process. Nursing process is known to be the foundation of the nursing practice as it is the systematic way of making personalized care that considers the individual needs of the patients (Sam 2007, p. 1). It compensates for the downside of healthcare standards as standards only consider the general characteristics of diseases and the conditions of patients. With the nursing process, care for the patients is faster and organized as solutions to the health problems are administered. The nursing process then started in the 1950s as Lydia Hall coined the term as she related it to the standard procedure in providing health assistance by nurses (Bomar 2004, p. 257). The process then serves as the foundation to cater the specific health needs through efficient ways of deciding, solving and administering the care. The process then starts when a patient seeks the care of the nurse until the patient receives the desired care and result (Sam 2007, p. 1). NANDA or the North American Nursing Diagnosis Association determines the communication needs of the nurses among them (Herdman 2008, p. 228). The same group also clarifies the difference between the medical diagnosis and nursing diagnosis. The former focuses on the changes in disease while the later centers on the patient. Since the nursing process provides the foundation for the healthcare rendered by nurses, it contains six main stages summarized as ADOPIE which means Assess, Diagnose, Outcome, Plan, Implement, and Evaluate (Ralph and Taylor 2005, p. 2). Assess or assessment is the primary stage wherein the nurse check the patient holistically as the overall condition of the patient must be identified (Timby 2008, p. 17). A way of assessing the patient is done using a nursing model. The value of the first stage is to know the health problems or diseases of the patien t which may be an existing or a probable occurrence of a disease (Hatfield 2007, p. 18). It is then done to create a startup for the other stages in the nursing process to occur. Standardized and widely-recognized tools for assessment must be used to properly identify the specific needs of the patient. The data is then collected using the health background and history, interview and physical check-up (Ralph and Taylor 2005, p. 2). The second stage is the diagnostic stage wherein the data gathered from assessment are